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| Skala Penilaian Kendiri Kebimbangan Zung (ZRAS)× | Skala Kemurungan Geriatrik (GDS)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Psikologi Klinikal | Psikologi Klinikal |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1971 | 1982 |
| Pengasas≠ | William W. K. Zung | Jerome A. Yesavage, Terry L. Brink, and colleagues |
| Jenis≠ | Anxiety symptom screening | Age-appropriate depression screening |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Zung, W. W. (1971). A rating instrument for anxiety disorders. Psychosomatics, 12(6), 371-379. DOI ↗ | Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M., & Leirer, V. O. (1982). Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 17(1), 37-49. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | ZRAS, Zung Anxiety, SAS | GDS, GDS-15, GDS-30 |
| Berkaitan | 5 | 5 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZRAS), also known as the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), is a 20-item self-report measure of anxiety symptoms. Developed by William W. K. Zung in 1971, the ZRAS assesses psychological and somatic manifestations of anxiety in the past week. It is widely used for anxiety screening in primary care, general medical settings, and mental health research. | The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a 30-item self-report depression screening instrument specifically designed for older adults. Developed by Yesavage, Brink, and colleagues in 1982, the GDS addresses the unique presentation of depression in aging populations, where symptoms may differ from younger adults. A validated 15-item short form (GDS-15) is widely used in primary care and community settings for rapid screening. |
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