Bandingkan kaedah

	Skala Aktiviti Harian Berkaitan Penglihatan (Vision-ADL)	Skala Kesan Gangguan Penglihatan
Bidang	Oftalmologi	Oftalmologi
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	2000	2000
Pengasas	Massof RW, Stelmack J et al.	Wolffsohn JS, Cochrane AL et al.
Jenis	Self-report	Self-report
Sumber perintis	Massof, R. W., Ahmadian, L., Grover, L. L., et al. (2007). The Activity Inventory: an adaptive visual function questionnaire. Optom Vis Sci, 84(8), 763-774.	Wolffsohn, J. S., & Cochrane, A. L. (2000). Design of the low vision quality-of-life questionnaire (LVQOL) and measurment of its item and scale validity and reliability. Optometry & Vision Science, 77(3), 144-152.
Alias	Vision-ADL, Vision ADL, Vision-Related ADL	IVI, Impact Vision Impairment
Berkaitan	4	4
Ringkasan	The Vision-Related Activities of Daily Living (Vision-ADL) Scale is a comprehensive instrument measuring self-reported difficulty with vision-dependent daily activities across a wide spectrum of vision loss severities. Developed by Massof, Stelmack, and colleagues at the Johns Hopkins Low Vision Clinic and VA Low Vision Service, the Vision-ADL employs adaptive item administration—presenting only vision-dependent activities relevant to the patient's functional level—to maximize responsiveness and precision across mild to profound vision loss.	The Impact of Vision Impairment (IVI) scale is a quality-of-life instrument designed specifically for patients with significant vision loss (low vision) to measure the psychological, functional, and social burden of visual impairment. Developed by Wolffsohn, Cochrane, and colleagues (2000), the IVI captures domains including emotional impact (distress, frustration), functional limitations (mobility, ADLs), social participation, and role fulfillment in populations with moderate to severe vision loss where generic or mild-vision-focused instruments are insensitive.