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| Survei Triangulasi× | Penyelidikan Kaedah Campuran× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang≠ | Metodologi Tinjauan | Kualitatif |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1978 (Denzin); widely operationalized in survey contexts from the 1990s onward | — |
| Pengasas≠ | Norman K. Denzin (triangulation concept); Alan Bryman (mixed-methods survey application) | — |
| Jenis≠ | Mixed-methods data collection design | Research design framework |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Denzin, N. K. (1978). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill. link ↗ | Creswell, J.W. & Plano Clark, V.L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379 |
| Alias≠ | survey triangulation, multi-method survey, convergent survey design, cross-validated survey | Karma Yöntem Araştırması (Mixed Methods), multi-method research, triangulation design |
| Berkaitan≠ | 5 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | A Triangulated Survey deliberately combines a structured survey instrument with at least one additional data source — such as interviews, focus groups, observation, or a second survey — so that findings from each source can be cross-validated against the others. Rooted in Denzin's concept of methodological triangulation, the design strengthens credibility by checking whether independent lines of evidence converge on the same conclusions. It is especially common in applied social, educational, and health research. | Mixed methods research is a systematic research design in which quantitative and qualitative data are collected and analysed within a single study. Formalised by Creswell and Plano Clark (2003, 3rd ed. 2018), it offers three principal design variants — concurrent, sequential, and transformative — and strengthens findings through triangulation across both data strands. |
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