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| Temu bual Berstruktur Triangulasi× | Temu bual Berstruktur Bersemuka× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Metodologi Tinjauan | Metodologi Tinjauan |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1978 (Denzin's triangulation framework); structured interviews in use from early 20th century | Mid-20th century (formalized 1950s–1960s) |
| Pengasas≠ | Norman K. Denzin (triangulation framework); structured interview tradition predates | Cannell, Kahn, and survey methodology tradition |
| Jenis≠ | Triangulated quantitative/qualitative data collection technique | Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Denzin, N. K. (1978). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill. link ↗ | Groves, R. M., Fowler, F. J., Couper, M. P., Lepkowski, J. M., Singer, E., & Tourangeau, R. (2009). Survey Methodology (2nd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0470465462 |
| Alias≠ | triangulated standardized interview, multi-source structured interview, cross-validated structured interview | FTFSI, personal interview, in-person structured interview, face-to-face survey interview |
| Berkaitan≠ | 3 | 5 |
| Ringkasan≠ | A triangulated structured interview applies the triangulation principle — using multiple independent sources, methods, or perspectives to cross-validate findings — to the structured interview format. The researcher administers the same fixed set of questions across different respondent groups, time points, or complementary data sources, then systematically compares the results to confirm, qualify, or explain discrepancies. This strengthens confidence in the accuracy of the data beyond what any single structured interview session could provide. | A face-to-face structured interview is a data collection method in which a trained interviewer meets each respondent in person and asks a fixed set of questions in a predetermined order, recording responses verbatim or using a closed-response format. It combines the response-rate advantages of personal contact with the standardization of a fixed instrument, making it a cornerstone of large-scale social, health, and policy surveys. |
| ScholarGateSet data ↗ |
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