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| Soal Selidik Orientasi Tugasan dan Ego dalam Sukan (TEOSQ)× | Soal Selidik Ketabahan Mental (MTQ48)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Psikologi Sukan | Psikologi Sukan |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1992 | 2002 |
| Pengasas≠ | Joan Duda, John Nicholls | Peter Clough, Keith Earle, David Sewell |
| Jenis≠ | Self-report achievement goal orientation questionnaire | Self-report mental toughness and resilience questionnaire |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Duda, J. L., & Nicholls, J. G. (1992). Dimensions of achievement motivation in schoolwork and sport. Journal of Educational Psychology, 84(3), 290–299. DOI ↗ | Clough, P. J., Earle, K., & Sewell, D. (2002). Mental toughness: A definition and measured construct. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14(3), 169–187. link ↗ |
| Alias≠ | TEOSQ, Task Ego Orientation | MTQ48, Mental Toughness, 4Cs |
| Berkaitan | 4 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The TEOSQ is a 13-item questionnaire measuring achievement goal orientation in sport: the underlying reasons athletes define success and pursue achievement. Developed by Duda and Nicholls in 1992, the TEOSQ has become a cornerstone instrument for understanding athlete motivation, resilience, and response to failure. | The MTQ48 is a 48-item instrument measuring mental toughness—the capacity to perform well under pressure, persist through adversity, maintain emotional control, and sustain commitment toward goals. Developed by Clough, Earle, and Sewell in 2002, the MTQ48 operationalizes mental toughness across four dimensions (the '4Cs': Control, Commitment, Challenge, and Confidence) and has become widely adopted in sport psychology, talent development, and organizational psychology for identifying and developing psychological resilience. |
| ScholarGateSet data ↗ |
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