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	Keseimbangan Sempurna Subpermainan	Persaingan Stackelberg
Bidang	Teori Permainan	Teori Permainan
Keluarga	Machine learning	Machine learning
Tahun asal	1965	1934
Pengasas	Reinhard Selten	Heinrich von Stackelberg
Jenis	algorithm	algorithm
Sumber perintis	Selten, R. (1965). Spieltheoretische Behandlung eines Oligopolmodells mit Nachfrageträgheit. Zeitschrift für die gesamte Staatswissenschaft, 121, 301-324.	von Stackelberg, H. (1934). Marktform und Gleichgewicht. Julius Springer.
Alias	Backward Induction, Sequential Equilibrium, Extensive-Form Equilibrium	Quantity Leadership, Sequential Oligopoly, Stackelberg Equilibrium
Berkaitan	4	4
Ringkasan	Subgame Perfect Equilibrium (SPE) is a refinement of Nash Equilibrium for sequential games, introduced by Reinhard Selten in 1965. It requires that strategy profiles constitute a Nash Equilibrium in every subgame, eliminating non-credible threats and incredible promises. Backward induction is the primary computational method for finding SPE in finite games.	Stackelberg Competition models sequential oligopolistic markets where one firm (the leader) commits to a quantity first, and other firms (followers) observe this choice and respond. Introduced by Heinrich von Stackelberg in 1934, the model captures first-mover advantage in quantity-setting competition. The resulting Stackelberg Equilibrium, found by backward induction, yields the leader higher profit than simultaneous (Cournot) competition.