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| Pekali Korelasi Peringkat Spearman× | Korelasi Point-Biserial× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Statistik | Statistik |
| Keluarga | Hypothesis test | Hypothesis test |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1904 | 1954 |
| Pengasas≠ | Charles Spearman | Robert F. Tate |
| Jenis≠ | Nonparametric rank-based correlation | Parametric correlation coefficient |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Spearman, C. (1904). The proof and measurement of association between two things. The American Journal of Psychology, 15, 72–101. DOI ↗ | Tate, R. F. (1954). Correlation between a discrete and a continuous variable. Point-biserial correlation. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 25(3), 603–607. DOI ↗ |
| Alias≠ | Spearman's rho, Spearman rank-order correlation, Spearman Sıra Korelasyonu | rpb, r_pb, point biserial r, item-total correlation |
| Berkaitan | 4 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Spearman rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a nonparametric measure of the monotonic association between two variables. Introduced by Charles Spearman in 1904, it converts raw observations to ranks and measures how consistently one variable increases as the other increases, without assuming a normal distribution or a linear relationship. | The point-biserial correlation coefficient (r_pb) measures the strength and direction of the linear association between one naturally dichotomous variable (coded 0/1) and one continuous variable. It is a special case of the Pearson product-moment correlation formally derived by Tate (1954) in the Annals of Mathematical Statistics and is the standard index used in psychometric item analysis, validity studies, and any research context where a binary grouping variable is related to a continuous outcome. |
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