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| Model-model Interaksi Angkasa (Graviti)× | Analisis Keputusan Pelbagai Kriteria Berasaskan GIS (GIS-MCDA)× | Regresi Logistik Multinomial× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bidang≠ | Analisis Reruang | Analisis Reruang | Ekonometrik |
| Keluarga≠ | Regression model | Process / pipeline | Regression model |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1971 | 2006 | 1974 |
| Pengasas≠ | Alan Wilson (entropy-maximizing family) | Jacek Malczewski (GIS-MCDA synthesis) | McFadden |
| Jenis≠ | Model of flows between spatial origins and destinations | Spatial multi-criteria suitability/decision analysis | Multinomial logistic regression |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Wilson, A. G. (1971). A family of spatial interaction models, and associated developments. Environment and Planning A, 3(1), 1–32. DOI ↗ | Malczewski, J. (2006). GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis: a survey of the literature. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 20(7), 703–726. DOI ↗ | McFadden, D. (1974). Conditional Logit Analysis of Qualitative Choice Behavior. In P. Zarembka (Ed.), Frontiers in Econometrics (pp. 105-142). Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0127761503 |
| Alias≠ | gravity model, spatial interaction model, competing destinations model, mekânsal etkileşim modeli | GIS-MCDM, spatial multi-criteria analysis, GIS-AHP, weighted overlay suitability | multinomial logistic regression, polytomous logistic regression, softmax regression, Çok Kategorili Lojistik Regresyon |
| Berkaitan≠ | 4 | 4 | 5 |
| Ringkasan≠ | Spatial interaction models predict the volume of flows — migrants, commuters, shoppers, trade, trips — between origins and destinations as a function of the size of each place and the distance or cost separating them. By analogy to Newton's gravity, interaction rises with the 'mass' of origin and destination and falls with separation, and Wilson's 1971 entropy-maximizing family put these models on a rigorous footing for transport, migration, and retail analysis. | GIS-MCDA combines the map layers of a geographic information system with multi-criteria decision analysis to produce suitability or priority maps — ranking locations by how well they satisfy several weighted criteria at once. It is the standard framework for spatial decisions such as siting hospitals, solar farms, landfills, or evacuation areas, integrating methods like AHP, TOPSIS, and weighted overlay with spatial data. | Multinomial logistic regression is a maximum-likelihood method for a nominal (unordered) dependent variable with more than two categories. Building on McFadden's 1974 treatment of qualitative choice, it gives each category its own set of coefficients relative to a reference category. |
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