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| Skala Penilaian Sesi× | Soalan Kaji Selidik Faktor Lazim× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Penyelidikan Psikoterapi | Penyelidikan Psikoterapi |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 2000 | 1992 |
| Pengasas≠ | Scott D. Miller, Barry L. Duncan | Michael J. Lambert, Bruce E. Wampold |
| Jenis | Client-rated | Client-rated |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Miller, S. D., Duncan, B. L., Brown, J., Sparks, J. A., & Claud, D. A. (2003). The Outcome Rating Scale: Preliminary validity studies of a brief, visual, general measure of session effectiveness. Journal of Brief Therapy, 5(2), 23–33. link ↗ | Lambert, M. J., & Barley, D. E. (2001). Research summary on the therapeutic relationship and psychotherapy outcome. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 38(4), 357–361. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | SRS, SRS-4 | CFQ, Therapeutic Factors Scale |
| Berkaitan | 4 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Session Rating Scale (SRS) is a 4-item ultra-brief measure of client perceptions of session quality and therapeutic alliance, developed by Miller and Duncan to support real-time feedback in psychotherapy. Administered after each session, the SRS captures client satisfaction with the relationship, alignment on goals and topics, and the therapist's approach, offering immediate insight for therapeutic adjustment. The measure is designed to operationalize common factors of psychotherapy outcome and enable therapists to respond to client feedback in vivo. | The Common Factors Questionnaire (CFQ) is a structured client-report measure that quantifies the client's perception of therapeutic factors deemed common to effective psychotherapy across all modalities—including alliance, therapist empathy, client agency, goal clarity, and emotional expression. Based on Lambert's contextual model and Wampold's therapeutic relationship framework, the CFQ operationalizes the empirical finding that 70% or more of therapy outcome variance is attributable to common factors (relationship, expectancy, therapeutic environment) rather than specific technique. It is used in research to examine mechanisms of change and to compare common factors across therapy types. |
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