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| Tinjauan Jauh× | Teknik Delphi× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Metodologi Tinjauan | Metodologi Tinjauan |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1970s–present (formalised by Dillman 1978; expanded to internet surveys 2000s) | 1950s–1963 |
| Pengasas≠ | Don A. Dillman (Tailored Design Method for mail/remote surveys) | Norman Dalkey and Olaf Helmer (RAND Corporation) |
| Jenis≠ | Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection technique | Iterative expert consensus technique |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Christian, L. M. (2014). Internet, Phone, Mail, and Mixed-Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method (4th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-1118456149 | Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1963). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458–467. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | distance survey, self-administered remote questionnaire, remote questionnaire, distributed survey | Delphi method, Delphi survey, expert consensus method, iterative expert panel |
| Berkaitan | 6 | 6 |
| Ringkasan≠ | A remote survey is a structured data collection method in which respondents complete a questionnaire without the researcher being physically present. Delivered via mail, telephone, email, web platforms, or mobile apps, it enables researchers to reach geographically dispersed samples at relatively low cost. The method is central to social-science, public-health, and organisational research and is codified in Dillman's widely used Tailored Design Method. | The Delphi technique is a structured, multi-round data collection method that harvests and refines expert opinion through iterative questionnaires and controlled feedback. Developed at RAND Corporation in the 1950s, it is designed to converge a dispersed expert panel toward a reliable consensus on complex, uncertain, or future-oriented questions — without the conformity pressures of face-to-face group discussion. |
| ScholarGateSet data ↗ |
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