Bandingkan kaedah

	Model Perambatan Penjejakan Sinar	Model Ramalan Kehilangan Laluan Okumura-Hata
Bidang	Telekomunikasi	Telekomunikasi
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1993	1968
Pengasas	Maciel, Bertoni, and Xia	Masahiro Okumura and Masahiro Hata
Jenis	deterministic propagation algorithm	empirical path loss model
Sumber perintis	Maciel, T. F., Bertoni, H. L., & Xia, H. H. (1993). Unified approach to prediction of propagation over buildings for all ranges of frequencies. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 42(1), 41-45.	Okumura, Y., Ohmori, E., Kawano, T., & Fukuda, K. (1968). Field strength and its variability in VHF and UHF land mobile radio service. Review of the Electrical Communication Laboratory, 16(9-10), 825-873.
Alias	deterministic propagation, site-specific modeling	path loss model, propagation prediction
Berkaitan	4	4
Ringkasan	Ray tracing is a deterministic propagation modeling technique for predicting electromagnetic field strength at specific locations. Instead of empirical formulas (like Okumura-Hata), ray tracing traces paths of electromagnetic energy as it reflects, diffracts, and scatters off buildings and terrain. With accurate 3D geometry and material properties, ray tracing predicts site-specific path loss, multipath delay profiles, and angle of arrival, making it ideal for detailed coverage planning, interference analysis, and system design. Ray tracing is now standard in professional cellular planning tools.	The Okumura-Hata model is an empirical propagation model for predicting path loss in mobile radio systems. Developed by Okumura (1968) and mathematically formalized by Hata (1980), it is one of the most widely used models for cellular network planning. The model predicts median path loss as a function of frequency, distance, and antenna heights, with environment-specific correction factors. Despite its age, the Okumura-Hata model remains a standard in 2G/3G planning and is often used as a baseline for more sophisticated models.