Bandingkan kaedah

	Meta-analisis Berasaskan Protokol	Analisis Meta Rangkaian
Bidang	Saintometrik	Sintesis Bukti
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1990s–2015 (Cochrane established 1993; PROSPERO launched 2011; PRISMA-P 2015)	2002
Pengasas	Cochrane Collaboration; formalized through PROSPERO and PRISMA-P initiatives	Lumley (2002)
Jenis	Evidence synthesis with pre-registered protocol	Method
Sumber perintis	Higgins, J. P. T., Thomas, J., Chandler, J., Cumpston, M., Li, T., Page, M. J., & Welch, V. A. (Eds.). (2023). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (Version 6.4). Cochrane.	Lumley, T. (2002). Network meta-analysis for indirect treatment comparisons. Statistics in Medicine, 21(16), 2313–2324.
Alias	pre-registered meta-analysis, prospective meta-analysis, registered meta-analysis, protocol-driven meta-analysis	Mixed Treatment Comparison, MTC, Indirect Comparison Meta-Analysis
Berkaitan	4	1
Ringkasan	A protocol-based meta-analysis is a meta-analysis conducted according to a detailed, pre-registered protocol that specifies all key methodological decisions — research questions, eligibility criteria, search strategy, outcome measures, and statistical methods — before data collection begins. Pre-registration, typically through PROSPERO or a comparable registry, distinguishes this approach from post-hoc or exploratory meta-analyses and substantially reduces the risk of selective reporting and outcome switching.	Network meta-analysis (NMA) is a systematic method for comparing multiple interventions simultaneously within a single analytical framework, incorporating both direct evidence (head-to-head trials) and indirect evidence (comparisons via common comparators). First formalized by Lumley in 2002, NMA allows researchers to rank treatments and quantify comparative effectiveness even when some treatment pairs have never been directly studied.