Bandingkan kaedah

	Reka Bentuk Kaedah Campuran Pragmatik	Reka Bentuk Kaedah Campuran Triangulasi Serentak
Bidang	Reka Bentuk Penyelidikan	Reka Bentuk Penyelidikan
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	Early 2000s (formalised); pragmatism as philosophy late 19th–early 20th century	2007 (formally named in Creswell & Plano Clark, 1st ed.)
Pengasas	John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark (formalised); philosophical grounding in William James, John Dewey, Richard Rorty	John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark
Jenis	Mixed methods research design	Mixed methods research design
Sumber perintis	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN: 978-1483344379	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2011). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (2nd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1412975179
Alias	pragmatic MMR, pragmatism-guided mixed methods, pragmatic inquiry design, practical mixed methods	convergent parallel design, triangulation design, QUAN+QUAL concurrent design, simultaneous triangulation
Berkaitan	6	5
Ringkasan	Pragmatic mixed methods design is a research approach that selects and combines quantitative and qualitative methods based on what best answers the research question, rather than adhering to a single philosophical paradigm. Rooted in the philosophical tradition of pragmatism — associated with William James, John Dewey, and later Richard Rorty — it treats methodological fit and practical utility as the primary criteria for design decisions. The approach is endorsed by leading mixed methods scholars including Creswell and Plano Clark as the most common philosophical worldview underpinning mixed methods work.	The concurrent triangulation mixed methods design collects quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously, analyzes each strand independently, and then merges the results to assess whether the two data sources corroborate one another. Often called the convergent parallel design, it is one of the foundational configurations in mixed methods research and is chosen specifically when the researcher wants to cross-validate or triangulate findings from two distinct methodological traditions.