Bandingkan kaedah

	Skala Ideologi Politik	Skala Kepercayaan Politik
Bidang	Psikologi Politik	Psikologi Politik
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1990	1974
Pengasas	Hans-Dieter Klingemann & Norberto Bobbio	Arthur H. Miller
Jenis	Self-report	Self-report
Sumber perintis	Fuchs, D., & Klingemann, H. D. (1990). The left-right schema. In M. Kent Jennings & Jan W. Van Deth (Eds.), Continuities in political action. Berlin: De Gruyter.	Miller, A. H. (1974). Political issues and trust in government: 1964-1970. American Political Science Review, 68(3), 951-972.
Alias	Left-Right Scale, Ideology Continuum, Political Spectrum Scale	PTS, Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES) Trust Module
Berkaitan	3	3
Ringkasan	The Political Ideology Scale measures individual self-placement on a left-right political spectrum, capturing fundamental preferences for government role, economic organization, and social values. The single-item self-placement measure (most common) asks respondents to rate themselves on a 0-10 or 0-100 continuum; multi-item versions assess distinct ideological dimensions (economic policy, social policy, nationalism). The left-right axis remains the dominant organizing principle of political competition globally, predicting party choice, policy preferences, and electoral behavior despite critiques that it oversimplifies multidimensional political space.	The Political Trust Scale measures citizen confidence in government institutions, elected officials, and the political system's responsiveness and fairness. Pioneered by Miller (1974) and operationalized across comparative electoral studies (CSES Module 5), the scale captures both diffuse trust (in the political system generally) and specific trust (in particular institutions such as parliament or the executive). It is central to understanding democratic legitimacy, political engagement, and support for democratic institutions.