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| Persamaan Penman-Monteith× | Model Pertumbuhan Tanaman (DSSAT/APSIM)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Agronomi | Agronomi |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1948-1965 | 1993-2003 |
| Pengasas≠ | Howard Latimer Penman, John Monteith | James W. Jones, Gerbrand T. Hoogenboom (DSSAT); Brian A. Keating, Peter S. Carberry (APSIM) |
| Jenis≠ | Mechanistic evapotranspiration model | Mechanistic crop simulation pipeline |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Penman, H. L. (1948). Natural evaporation from open water, bare soil and grass. Proceedings of the Royal Society A, 193(1032), 120-145. DOI ↗ | Jones, J. W., Hoogenboom, G., Porter, C. H., et al. (2003). The DSSAT cropping system model. European Journal of Agronomy, 18(3-4), 235-265. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | PM Equation, FAO-56 PM, Evapotranspiration Model | DSSAT, APSIM, Crop Simulation Model |
| Berkaitan | 3 | 3 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Penman-Monteith equation is a mechanistic model for estimating evapotranspiration (ET), the combined loss of water from soil and plant canopies to the atmosphere. First proposed by Penman (1948) for bare soil and water surfaces, then extended by Monteith (1965) to incorporate plant resistance to water vapor diffusion, it has become the international standard for water balance studies, crop water requirement calculation, and hydrological modeling. | Crop growth models are mechanistic simulation systems designed to predict crop development, biomass accumulation, and yield under varying environmental and management conditions. DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) and APSIM (Agricultural Production Systems Simulator) are the most widely used platforms, developed in the 1990s-2000s to support agronomic decision-making and climate adaptation research. |
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