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| Kajian Peristiwa Panel× | Kaedah Kawalan Sintetik (SCM)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Inferens Kausal | Inferens Kausal |
| Keluarga | Regression model | Regression model |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1990s–2020s (modern panel formulation) | 2003–2010 |
| Pengasas≠ | Formalized by Freyaldenhoven, Hansen, Perez-Orive & Shapiro (2021); widely applied in finance (Fama et al. 1969) and policy evaluation | Alberto Abadie & Javier Gardeazabal (2003); Abadie, Diamond & Hainmueller (2010) |
| Jenis≠ | Quasi-experimental / causal panel design | Quasi-experimental causal inference |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Freyaldenhoven, S., Hansen, C., Perez-Orive, J., & Shapiro, J. M. (2021). Visualization, Identification, and Estimation in the Linear Panel Event-Study Design. NBER Working Paper 29170. National Bureau of Economic Research. link ↗ | Abadie, A., Diamond, A., & Hainmueller, J. (2010). Synthetic Control Methods for Comparative Case Studies: Estimating the Effect of California's Tobacco Control Program. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 105(490), 493-505. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | event-study regression, dynamic DiD, relative-time regression, distributed-lag panel model | SCM, synthetic control, synth estimator, Abadie-Diamond-Hainmueller method |
| Berkaitan | 4 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | A panel event study estimates the dynamic causal effect of a treatment or policy by regressing an outcome on a full set of relative-time indicators — one for each period before and after the event — while controlling for unit and time fixed effects. The resulting coefficient plot shows how the treated units diverged from untreated units at each point in calendar time relative to their treatment date, making both pre-treatment trend violations and post-treatment effect trajectories immediately visible. | The Synthetic Control Method estimates the causal effect of a treatment or policy on a single treated unit by constructing a weighted combination of untreated units — the synthetic control — that closely resembles the treated unit before the intervention. The gap between the treated unit and its synthetic counterpart after the intervention is the estimated treatment effect. |
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