Bandingkan kaedah

	Skala Penilaian Numerik untuk Kesakitan	CAM Delirium Screening
Bidang	Kejururawatan	Kejururawatan
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1978	1990
Pengasas	Multiple researchers (Downie, Leatham, et al.)	Sharon K. Inouye and colleagues
Jenis	Assessment scale	Diagnostic screening tool
Sumber perintis	Herr, K., Coyne, P. J., Key, T., et al. (2011). Pain assessment in the nonverbal patient: Position statement with clinical practice recommendations. Pain Management Nursing, 7(2), 44-52.	Inouye, S. K., van Dyck, C. H., Alessi, C. A., Balkin, S., Siegal, A. P., & Horwitz, R. I. (1990). Clarifying confusion: The Confusion Assessment Method. A new method for detection of delirium. Annals of Internal Medicine, 113(12), 941-948.
Alias	NRS, NRS-11, Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Pain Intensity Scale	CAM, Confusion Assessment Method, Delirium Detection Tool
Berkaitan	4	4
Ringkasan	The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) is a simple, widely used tool for assessing subjective pain intensity in patients. Patients rate their pain on a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 represents no pain and 10 represents the worst pain imaginable. The NRS is one of the most frequently used pain assessment instruments in clinical practice due to its brevity, ease of administration, and strong psychometric properties across diverse patient populations.	The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) is a widely validated diagnostic tool developed by Sharon K. Inouye and colleagues to detect delirium in hospitalized patients. Delirium is an acute change in mental status characterized by inattention, disorganized thinking, and altered consciousness that is often missed in clinical practice. The CAM provides a standardized, reproducible method for identifying delirium, which is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and hospital costs.