Bandingkan kaedah

	Skala Newcastle-Ottawa untuk Penilaian Kualiti Kajian Observasional	Senarai Semak PRISMA: Standard Pelaporan Tinjauan Sistematik dan Meta-Analisis
Bidang	Metodologi Penyelidikan	Metodologi Penyelidikan
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	2000	2021 (original 2009)
Pengasas	Wells et al. (Ottawa Hospital Research Institute)	Page et al. (PRISMA Group)
Jenis	Research team assessment	Systematic review author reporting checklist
Sumber perintis	Wells, G. A., Shea, B., O'Connell, D., Peterson, J., Welch, V., Losos, M., & Tugwell, P. (2000). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Retrieved from Ottawa Hospital Research Institute.	Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., ... & Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71.
Alias	NOS	PRISMA, PRISMA 2020
Berkaitan	4	4
Ringkasan	The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) is a widely used tool for assessing the methodological quality of observational studies (case-control and cohort designs) included in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Developed by Wells et al. at Ottawa Hospital in 2000, it provides explicit criteria and a star-based scoring system that enables transparent, quantitative comparison of study quality across evidence syntheses.	PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) is a 27-item evidence-based checklist published in 2021 (updated from 2009) to standardize reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Endorsed by over 500 journals, PRISMA is the international standard for evidence synthesis reporting, used across healthcare, psychology, education, and social sciences to ensure transparency and reproducibility.