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| New Public Management Assessment× | Digital Government Assessment× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Public Administration | Public Administration |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1991 | 2020 |
| Pengasas≠ | Christopher Hood | OECD digital-government programme |
| Jenis≠ | Analytical assessment framework | Composite benchmarking index |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Hood, C. (1991). A Public Management for All Seasons? Public Administration, 69(1), 3–19. DOI ↗ | OECD. Digital Government Index (DGI) and Digital Government Policy Framework. OECD, Paris. link ↗ |
| Alias | NPM Assessment, Managerialism Assessment, Public Management Reform Analysis, Hood NPM Doctrine Analysis | Digital Government Index Method, Digital Maturity Assessment, GovTech Assessment, Digital Public Service Benchmarking |
| Berkaitan | 4 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | New Public Management (NPM) assessment evaluates how far a public organisation or system has adopted the cluster of managerial reform doctrines that swept the public sector from the 1980s — and with what effects. Christopher Hood's 1991 article A Public Management for All Seasons? gave NPM its name and identified its core doctrines: hands-on professional management, explicit performance standards, output controls, disaggregation into units, competition, private-sector management styles, and discipline in resource use. The assessment scores adoption of these doctrines, evaluates their effects, and appraises the trade-offs against enduring public-service values such as equity and accountability. | Digital government assessment measures how far a public administration has moved beyond merely digitising existing processes toward becoming digital by design — using data, platforms and user-centred service design as core operating principles. The OECD Digital Government Index, built on its six-dimension Digital Government Policy Framework, is the leading instrument, scoring countries on dimensions such as being digital by design, data-driven, government as a platform, open by default, user-driven and proactive. Evidence is collected through a structured survey, verified, scored and aggregated into a weighted composite. It complements the supply-focused UN E-Government Development Index. |
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