Bandingkan kaedah

	Penyaluran Muskingum	Pemodelan Air Tanah MODFLOW	Hidrograf Unit
Bidang	Kejuruteraan Awam	Kejuruteraan Awam	Kejuruteraan Awam
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1938	1984 (original release); continuously updated through MODFLOW-6 (2017)	1932
Pengasas	George McCarthy	Michael G. McDonald and Arlen W. Harbaugh (U.S. Geological Survey)	L. K. Sherman
Jenis	Hydrologic method for flood attenuation in rivers	Numerical groundwater flow simulation	Linear transformation from rainfall to streamflow
Sumber perintis	McCarthy, G. T. (1938). The Unit Hydrograph and Flood Routing. US Army Corps of Engineers Document 608.	Harbaugh, A. W. (2005). MODFLOW-2005, the U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model — the Ground-Water Flow Process. U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A16.	Sherman, L. K. (1932). Streamflow from rainfall by the unit graph method. Engineering News-Record, 108(14), 501-505.
Alias	Flood routing, Stream flow attenuation, Hydrologic routing	MODFLOW-2005, MODFLOW-6, modular groundwater flow model, USGS groundwater model	UH, Rainfall-runoff, Hydrograph synthesis
Berkaitan	3	0	3
Ringkasan	The Muskingum method is a hydrologic flood routing technique that predicts how a flood wave attenuates (reduces in peak) and spreads as it travels down a river reach. Developed by McCarthy in 1938 for the US Army Corps of Engineers, the method is simple enough for hand calculations while capturing the essential physics of flood propagation.	MODFLOW is the U.S. Geological Survey's open-source, modular finite-difference model for simulating three-dimensional groundwater flow through porous media. First released in 1984 and continuously updated — most recently as MODFLOW-6 — it is the global standard for quantitative hydrogeological analysis, widely used in civil engineering, environmental consulting, water-resource management, and groundwater contamination studies.	The unit hydrograph (UH) is a linear transformation that converts rainfall excess into streamflow for a watershed. Introduced by Sherman in 1932, the UH assumes that rainfall-runoff response is linear and time-invariant, enabling synthesis of flood hydrographs from design storms for dam spillway design and flood risk assessment.