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| Soal Selidik Gangguan Suasana Hati (MDQ)× | Skala Depresi Pusat Penyelidikan Epidemiologi (CES-D)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Psikologi Klinikal | Psikologi Klinikal |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 2000 | 1977 |
| Pengasas≠ | Robert M. Hirschfeld and colleagues | Lenore Sawyer Radloff |
| Jenis≠ | Manic episode and bipolar disorder screening | Community-based depression assessment |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Hirschfeld, R. M., Williams, J. B., Spitzer, R. L., Calabrese, J. R., Flynn, L., Keck, P. E., ... & Zajecka, J. (2000). Development and validation of a screening instrument for bipolar spectrum disorder: The Mood Disorder Questionnaire. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(11), 1873-1875. DOI ↗ | Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401. DOI ↗ |
| Alias≠ | MDQ | CES-D, CESD |
| Berkaitan | 5 | 5 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) is a 13-item self-report screening instrument designed to identify individuals at risk for bipolar spectrum disorders. Developed by Hirschfeld and colleagues in 2000, the MDQ assesses symptoms of mania and hypomania as well as the clustering of symptoms into distinct episodes. It is widely used in primary care, psychiatric practice, and research to improve detection of bipolar disorder. | The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a 20-item self-report instrument for measuring depressive symptoms in the general population. Developed by Lenore Radloff in 1977, the CES-D was designed for epidemiological research to rapidly identify depression in community samples. It remains a widely used measure in public health, aging research, and longitudinal cohort studies worldwide. |
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