Bandingkan kaedah

	Tinjauan Longitudinal	Kaedah Diari Mudah Alih
Bidang	Metodologi Tinjauan	Metodologi Tinjauan
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1940s (panel survey tradition); longitudinal designs codified mid-20th century	1987 (ESM roots); mobile form ~2007–2010
Pengasas	Established tradition; formalized in social science by Paul Lazarsfeld and colleagues (1940s panel studies)	Csikszentmihalyi & Larson (ESM foundation); mobile adaptation through 2000s smartphone proliferation
Jenis	Quantitative / mixed-methods survey design	Longitudinal self-report data collection technique
Sumber perintis	Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922292	Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Larson, R. (1987). Validity and reliability of the Experience-Sampling Method. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 175(9), 526–536.
Alias	panel survey, repeated-measures survey, longitudinal panel study, wave survey	mobile diary study, smartphone diary method, mobile ESM diary, ecological momentary diary
Berkaitan	3	4
Ringkasan	A longitudinal survey collects structured questionnaire data from the same individuals or units at two or more distinct points in time. By tracking the same respondents across waves, researchers can distinguish genuine change from stable individual differences, establish temporal ordering between variables, and model trajectories of attitudes, behaviors, or outcomes in ways that a single cross-sectional snapshot cannot support.	The Mobile Diary Method is a longitudinal self-report technique in which participants record their thoughts, feelings, behaviors, or events using a smartphone app or mobile platform over a defined study period — ranging from days to months. Rooted in the classic diary method and the Experience Sampling Method, its mobile form enables real-time, in-context capture of experience, dramatically reducing retrospective recall bias compared to one-shot surveys or end-of-day questionnaires.