Bandingkan kaedah

	Netnografi Longitudinal	Etnografi Digital
Bidang	Kualitatif	Kualitatif
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1997 (netnography); longitudinal application developed 2000s–2010s	Late 1990s – 2000s
Pengasas	Robert V. Kozinets (netnography); longitudinal extension by subsequent researchers	Christine Hine (virtual ethnography); Robert V. Kozinets (netnography)
Jenis	Longitudinal qualitative online research design	Qualitative research method
Sumber perintis	Kozinets, R. V. (2020). Netnography: The Essential Guide to Qualitative Social Media Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1526458353	Kozinets, R. V. (2010). Netnography: Doing Ethnographic Research Online. Sage. ISBN: 978-1847875228
Alias	longitudinal online ethnography, temporal netnography, long-term netnography, diachronic netnography	online ethnography, virtual ethnography, internet ethnography, netnography
Berkaitan	5	6
Ringkasan	Longitudinal netnography applies the systematic, immersive online ethnographic method developed by Kozinets across multiple time points to reveal how digital communities, cultural practices, and shared meanings evolve. Rather than offering a snapshot of online life, it tracks the same community or platform over weeks, months, or years, capturing change, continuity, and the temporal rhythms of internet culture.	Digital ethnography is a qualitative research method that adapts traditional ethnographic fieldwork to online and digitally mediated settings. Drawing on sustained participant observation, document collection, and sometimes interviews, the researcher immerses themselves in one or more digital communities — social media platforms, forums, gaming spaces, or messaging groups — to understand how culture, identity, and social practice are constructed through digital interaction. The approach recognises that online spaces are not merely reflections of offline life but distinctive sites of cultural production in their own right.