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| Penyelidikan Arkib Sejarah Melintang Masa× | Penyelidikan Longitudinal× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang≠ | Kaedah Lapangan | Reka Bentuk Penyelidikan |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 20th century (formalized in social science methodology by the 1970s–1990s) | Late 19th–early 20th century; methodologically codified through the 20th century |
| Pengasas≠ | Established practice in historical and social science research traditions | No single originator; foundational methodological treatments by Stuart Menard and Judith Singer & John Willett |
| Jenis≠ | Qualitative/mixed archival research design | Quantitative (or mixed) observational research design |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Scott, J. (1990). A Matter of Record: Documentary Sources in Social Research. Polity Press. ISBN: 978-0745602578 | Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922841 |
| Alias | longitudinal archival study, diachronic archival research, historical longitudinal analysis, archival panel research | longitudinal study, longitudinal design, prospective longitudinal study, repeated-measures observational study |
| Berkaitan≠ | 5 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | Longitudinal historical archival research is a qualitative and documentary method that systematically examines primary archival sources — records, manuscripts, correspondence, institutional files — across multiple points in time to trace change, continuity, or development within a phenomenon over an extended historical period. By imposing a longitudinal dimension on standard archival inquiry, researchers can reconstruct how events, structures, policies, or social conditions evolved rather than capturing only a single historical moment. | Longitudinal research is an observational design in which the same participants, groups, or units are measured repeatedly over an extended period. Rather than capturing a single snapshot, it tracks change, stability, and temporal sequencing of variables — making it the primary non-experimental strategy for studying development, growth, decline, and the unfolding of causal processes across time. |
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