Bandingkan kaedah

	PengeLCManan K-means	Pembelajaran Dalam Talian
Bidang	Pembelajaran Mesin	Pembelajaran Mesin
Keluarga	Machine learning	Machine learning
Tahun asal	1967 (formalized 1982)	1958–2000s
Pengasas	MacQueen, J. B.; Lloyd, S. P.	Rosenblatt, F.; Littlestone, N.; Shalev-Shwartz, S. (key contributors)
Jenis	Partitional clustering	Learning paradigm (sequential model update)
Sumber perintis	Lloyd, S. P. (1982). Least squares quantization in PCM. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 28(2), 129–137.	Shalev-Shwartz, S. (2011). Online Learning and Online Convex Optimization. Foundations and Trends in Machine Learning, 4(2), 107–194.
Alias	k-means clustering, Lloyd's algorithm, k-means partitioning, hard k-means	incremental learning, sequential learning, streaming learning, online machine learning
Berkaitan	4	6
Ringkasan	K-means is a classic unsupervised partitional clustering algorithm that divides a dataset into K non-overlapping groups by iteratively assigning each observation to its nearest centroid and updating centroids as the mean of their assigned points. It is one of the most widely used exploratory tools in machine learning and data analysis.	Online learning is a machine learning paradigm in which a model is updated incrementally as each new data point arrives, rather than being trained once on a fixed dataset. It is essential when data streams continuously, storage is limited, or the underlying distribution shifts over time. Theoretical performance is measured by cumulative regret relative to the best fixed predictor in hindsight.