Bandingkan kaedah

	Etnografi Institusional	Analisis Wacana	Grounded Theory
Bidang	Kualitatif	Penyelidikan Kualitatif	Penyelidikan Kualitatif
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1970s–1987 (developed through the 1970s–80s; consolidated in Smith 1987, 2005)	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)	1967
Pengasas	Dorothy E. Smith	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss
Jenis	Qualitative research method	Method	Method
Sumber perintis	Smith, D. E. (2005). Institutional Ethnography: A Sociology for People. AltaMira Press. ISBN: 978-0759105010	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.
Alias	IE, sociology for people, institutional ethnographic inquiry, Smith's institutional ethnography	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis	GT, Grounded Theory Approach
Berkaitan	6	2	3
Ringkasan	Institutional Ethnography (IE) is a qualitative research method developed by Canadian sociologist Dorothy E. Smith that investigates how people's everyday lives are shaped and coordinated by institutional texts, rules, and relations of power. Starting from the lived experience of individuals in a particular standpoint, IE traces the social organization that governs their work and troubles — revealing how macro-level institutions operate through the micro-level activities of real people.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.