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| InSAR× | Ground-Penetrating Radar× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Geofizik | Geofizik |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal | 1989 | 1989 |
| Pengasas≠ | Gabriel, Goldstein, and Zebker | James Davis and Anthony Annan |
| Jenis≠ | Radar interferometry for millimeter-precision surface deformation | Shallow subsurface electromagnetic pulse detection |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Gabriel, A. K., Goldstein, R. M., & Zebker, H. A. (1989). Mapping small elevation changes over large areas: Differential radar interferometry. Journal of Geophysical Research, 94(B7), 9183-9191. DOI ↗ | Davis, J. L., & Annan, A. P. (1989). Ground-penetrating radar for high-resolution mapping of soil and rock stratigraphy. Geophysical Prospecting, 37(5), 531-551. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | InSAR | GPR |
| Berkaitan | 3 | 3 |
| Ringkasan≠ | Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a radar remote sensing technique that measures millimeter-scale ground surface deformation by analyzing the phase difference between radar images acquired from slightly different orbital positions. Pioneered by Gabriel, Goldstein, and Zebker in 1989, InSAR has become essential for earthquake rupture characterization, volcanic monitoring, landslide detection, and subsidence quantification. | Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a near-surface geophysical method that uses high-frequency electromagnetic pulses (typically 10 MHz to 2.5 GHz) to image shallow subsurface structures with exceptional spatial resolution. Pioneered by Davis and Annan in 1989, GPR is widely used in archaeology, civil engineering, environmental assessment, and shallow mineral exploration due to its ability to resolve features at decimeter to centimeter scales. |
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