Bandingkan kaedah

	Variabiliti Kadar Jantung	Pengesanan QRS Pan-Tompkins	Fotopletismografi
Bidang	Biomekanik	Biomekanik	Biomekanik
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1996	1985	1937
Pengasas	Task Force of European Society of Cardiology	Jiapu Pan	Hertzman
Jenis	Time-series and frequency-domain analysis pipeline	Digital signal processing pipeline	Optical signal acquisition and analysis pipeline
Sumber perintis	Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. (1996). Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. Circulation, 93(5), 1043-1065.	Pan, J., & Tompkins, W. J. (1985). A real-time QRS detection algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, BME-32(3), 230-236.	Allen, J. (2007). Photoplethysmography and its application in clinical physiology. Physiology & Behavior, 107(4), 540-548.
Alias	HRV, RR interval analysis, Cardiac variability	QRS detection, R-peak detection, Heartbeat detection	PPG, Pulse oximetry, Reflectance photometry
Berkaitan	3	3	3
Ringkasan	Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis quantifies the variation in time intervals between consecutive heartbeats as a window into autonomic nervous system function and cardiovascular health. Formalized by the European Society of Cardiology Task Force in 1996, HRV metrics are now standard in cardiology, physiology, and sports science for assessing stress, recovery, and disease risk.	The Pan-Tompkins algorithm is a real-time QRS detection method for electrocardiograms (ECGs) that identifies the R-peaks (ventricular depolarization) and QRS complexes from continuous cardiac waveforms. Published by Jiapu Pan and Willis Tompkins in 1985, it remains a standard reference for ECG processing and is widely implemented in clinical monitoring systems.	Photoplethysmography (PPG) measures blood volume changes in tissue using light absorption, providing a non-invasive optical window into cardiovascular dynamics. Originally developed by Hertzman in 1937, PPG is now ubiquitous in pulse oximetry, smartwatches, and research applications for monitoring heart rate, blood oxygenation, and vascular function.