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| Kaedah Hardy Cross× | Penyaluran Muskingum× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Kejuruteraan Awam | Kejuruteraan Awam |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1936 | 1938 |
| Pengasas≠ | Hardy Cross | George McCarthy |
| Jenis≠ | Iterative method for pipe network flow distribution | Hydrologic method for flood attenuation in rivers |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Cross, H. (1936). Analysis of flow in networks of conduits or conductors. University of Illinois Bulletin, 34(17), 3-29. link ↗ | McCarthy, G. T. (1938). The Unit Hydrograph and Flood Routing. US Army Corps of Engineers Document 608. link ↗ |
| Alias | Cross method, Moment distribution method, Iterative balancing | Flood routing, Stream flow attenuation, Hydrologic routing |
| Berkaitan | 3 | 3 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Hardy Cross method is an iterative technique for solving steady-state flow distribution in pipe networks, originally developed for water distribution systems. Introduced by Hardy Cross in 1936, this method balances flow continuity and pressure head constraints through successive iterations, making it ideal for hand calculations and gaining physical insight into network behavior. | The Muskingum method is a hydrologic flood routing technique that predicts how a flood wave attenuates (reduces in peak) and spreads as it travels down a river reach. Developed by McCarthy in 1938 for the US Army Corps of Engineers, the method is simple enough for hand calculations while capturing the essential physics of flood propagation. |
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