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| Skala Penilaian Kemurungan Hamilton (HAM-D)× | Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Psikologi Klinikal | Psikologi Klinikal |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1960 | 2001 |
| Pengasas≠ | Max Hamilton | Kurt Kroenke |
| Jenis≠ | Clinician-rated interview scale | Self-report questionnaire |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Hamilton, M. (1960). A rating scale for depression. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 23(1), 56–62. DOI ↗ | Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. (2001). The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16(9), 606–613. DOI ↗ |
| Alias≠ | HAM-D, HDRS, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression | PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Module |
| Berkaitan | 5 | 5 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, published by Max Hamilton in 1960, is a clinician-administered interview assessment of depressive symptom severity. The most common version contains 17 items (HAM-D-17), though 21-item and 24-item versions exist. It is considered the gold standard outcome measure in antidepressant drug trials and remains the most cited depression rating scale in the psychiatric literature. Unlike self-report measures, HAM-D requires clinician judgment and observation, making it particularly valuable in research settings where standardized measurement by trained raters is essential. | The PHQ-9 is a brief, nine-item self-report questionnaire developed by Kroenke, Spitzer, and Williams to screen for and measure the severity of depressive symptoms. Published in 2001 in the Journal of General Internal Medicine, it has become one of the most widely used depression screening instruments globally. The scale maps directly to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder, making it valuable in both clinical and research settings. |
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