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| Skala Kebimbangan dan Kemurungan Hospital (HADS)× | Soal Selidik Kesihatan Umum-12 (GHQ-12)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Psikologi Klinikal | Psikologi Klinikal |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1983 | 1992 |
| Pengasas≠ | Andrew S. Zigmond and Richard P. Snaith | David P. Goldberg |
| Jenis≠ | Anxiety and depression screening in medical populations | Psychiatric symptom screening |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67(6), 361-370. DOI ↗ | Goldberg, D. P. (1972). The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire. Oxford University Press. link ↗ |
| Alias≠ | HADS, HADS-A, HADS-D | GHQ-12, GHQ |
| Berkaitan≠ | 4 | 5 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a 14-item self-report instrument measuring anxiety and depression symptoms in medically ill populations. Developed by Zigmond and Snaith in 1983, the HADS was specifically designed for hospital and general medical settings where somatic symptoms of medical illness may confound assessment. It remains the standard anxiety-depression measure in medical, oncology, and cardiac populations worldwide. | The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) is a brief, 12-item self-report screening instrument for psychological distress and mental health problems in the general population. Developed by David P. Goldberg, the GHQ-12 is the most widely used short form of the longer General Health Questionnaire series. It is designed for rapid detection of minor psychiatric morbidity and assessment of psychological well-being in clinical, occupational health, and community settings. |
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