Bandingkan kaedah

	Reka Bentuk Infrastruktur Hijau	Pengurusan Air Hujan
Bidang	Kejuruteraan Alam Sekitar	Kejuruteraan Alam Sekitar
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	2000	1980
Pengasas	Urban planners and landscape architects	Urban hydrologists and engineers
Jenis	integrated design and planning pipeline	design and simulation pipeline
Sumber perintis	Freeman, R. C. (2005). Green Infrastructure: Intelligent Landscapes for the Twenty-First Century. Routledge. ISBN: 978-0415772662	Urbonas, B., & Stahre, P. (1993). Stormwater Best Management Practices and Detention. Prentice Hall. ISBN: 978-0134445915
Alias	GI design, natural infrastructure, nature-based solutions, ecosystem-based adaptation	urban stormwater, runoff management, wet weather control, low-impact development
Berkaitan	3	3
Ringkasan	Green infrastructure (GI) design is the planning and implementation of natural or nature-based systems (vegetation, soils, water bodies) integrated into urban environments to provide multiple ecosystem services: stormwater management, air quality improvement, heat island mitigation, biodiversity habitat, recreation, and social well-being. Emerged in the 2000s as a sustainability paradigm, green infrastructure combines landscape design, hydrology, ecology, and urban planning to create multifunctional spaces that serve practical and aesthetic goals.	Stormwater management is the planning and engineering of urban water systems to control, treat, and utilize rainwater runoff from developed areas. Traditional approaches (pipes, detention basins) conveyed runoff rapidly to streams or treatment plants; modern green infrastructure approaches (permeable pavements, bioswales, retention ponds) reduce runoff volume through infiltration and reuse while improving water quality. Stormwater management integrates hydrologic modeling, water quality assessment, and infrastructure design to meet regulatory requirements and climate resilience goals.