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| Gender Parity Index× | Occupational Gender Segregation Index× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Gender Studies | Gender Studies |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 2003 | 1955 |
| Pengasas≠ | UNESCO Institute for Statistics | Otis Dudley Duncan & Beverly Duncan |
| Jenis≠ | Ratio-based parity indicator | Distributional segregation index |
| Sumber perintis≠ | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2009). Education Indicators: Technical Guidelines. UNESCO-UIS, Montreal. link ↗ | Duncan, O. D., & Duncan, B. (1955). A methodological analysis of segregation indexes. American Sociological Review, 20(2), 210–217. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | GPI, Education Gender Parity Index, UNESCO Gender Parity Index | Duncan Dissimilarity Index, Index of Dissimilarity, Sex Segregation Index |
| Berkaitan | 4 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Gender Parity Index (GPI) is a simple, widely used indicator — standardised by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics — that expresses the value of an education statistic for females relative to males as a ratio. Most commonly applied to enrolment, completion, and literacy rates, a GPI of one signals parity, values below one indicate disparity favouring males, and values above one indicate disparity favouring females. It is the standard yardstick for monitoring gender parity in education, including in the Sustainable Development Goals. | Occupational gender segregation indices measure how unevenly women and men are distributed across occupations. The most widely used is the Duncan and Duncan index of dissimilarity, introduced in 1955, which gives the share of women (or men) who would have to change occupations for the two distributions to match. Together with margin-free alternatives and decompositions into horizontal and vertical components, these indices are the standard tools for quantifying the sex segregation of labour markets. |
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