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| Autokorelasi Angkasa Geary's C× | Model Lag Angkasa (SAR / Spatial Autoregressive)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Analisis Reruang | Analisis Reruang |
| Keluarga≠ | Hypothesis test | Regression model |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1954 | 1988 |
| Pengasas≠ | Roy C. Geary | Anselin (textbook formalisation); LeSage & Pace |
| Jenis≠ | Global spatial autocorrelation statistic | Spatial autoregressive regression |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Geary, R. C. (1954). The contiguity ratio and statistical mapping. The Incorporated Statistician, 5(3), 115–146. DOI ↗ | Anselin, L. (1988). Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models. Kluwer Academic. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | Geary contiguity ratio, Geary's contiguity ratio, global spatial autocorrelation, Geary C mekânsal otokorelasyon | SAR model, spatial autoregressive model, spatial lag, Uzamsal Gecikme Modeli (SAR / Spatial Lag) |
| Berkaitan≠ | 2 | 5 |
| Ringkasan≠ | Geary's C is a global measure of spatial autocorrelation — whether nearby locations tend to have similar values — introduced by Roy Geary in 1954. Unlike Moran's I, which is built on the covariation of values around the mean, Geary's C is built on the squared differences between neighbouring values, making it more sensitive to local, short-range variation. Values below 1 indicate positive spatial autocorrelation (similar neighbours), near 1 indicate randomness, and above 1 indicate negative autocorrelation. | The Spatial Lag Model is an autoregressive regression that assumes spatial dependence in the dependent variable itself: the outcome values of neighbouring units enter the model as an explanatory term (ρWy). It was formalised in Anselin's Spatial Econometrics (1988) and developed further by LeSage and Pace (2009), and it decomposes spillover effects into direct, indirect, and total impacts. |
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