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| Skala Kemurungan Geriatrik (GDS)× | Skala Kebimbangan dan Kemurungan Hospital (HADS)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Psikologi Klinikal | Psikologi Klinikal |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1982 | 1983 |
| Pengasas≠ | Jerome A. Yesavage, Terry L. Brink, and colleagues | Andrew S. Zigmond and Richard P. Snaith |
| Jenis≠ | Age-appropriate depression screening | Anxiety and depression screening in medical populations |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M., & Leirer, V. O. (1982). Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 17(1), 37-49. DOI ↗ | Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67(6), 361-370. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | GDS, GDS-15, GDS-30 | HADS, HADS-A, HADS-D |
| Berkaitan≠ | 5 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a 30-item self-report depression screening instrument specifically designed for older adults. Developed by Yesavage, Brink, and colleagues in 1982, the GDS addresses the unique presentation of depression in aging populations, where symptoms may differ from younger adults. A validated 15-item short form (GDS-15) is widely used in primary care and community settings for rapid screening. | The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a 14-item self-report instrument measuring anxiety and depression symptoms in medically ill populations. Developed by Zigmond and Snaith in 1983, the HADS was specifically designed for hospital and general medical settings where somatic symptoms of medical illness may confound assessment. It remains the standard anxiety-depression measure in medical, oncology, and cardiac populations worldwide. |
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