Bandingkan kaedah

	Regresi Kuantil-atas-Kuantil Fourier	Model ARDL Taklinear (NARDL)
Bidang	Ekonometrik	Ekonometrik
Keluarga	Regression model	Regression model
Tahun asal	2015-2020s	2014
Pengasas	Extension combining Sim & Zhou (2015) QQ regression with Fourier flexible-form smoothing	Shin, Yu & Greenwood-Nimmo
Jenis	Nonparametric quantile regression with Fourier smoothing	Nonlinear cointegration model
Sumber perintis	Sim, N., & Zhou, H. (2015). Oil prices, US stock return, and the dependence between their quantiles. Journal of Banking and Finance, 55, 1-8.	Shin, Y., Yu, B., & Greenwood-Nimmo, M. (2014). Modelling asymmetric cointegration and dynamic multipliers in a nonlinear ARDL framework. In R. C. Sickles & W. C. Horrace (Eds.), Festschrift in Honor of Peter Schmidt: Econometric Methods and Applications (pp. 281–314). Springer.
Alias	Fourier QQ regression, Fourier-QQR, Fourier quantile regression with quantile regressors, smooth structural-break QQ regression	NARDL, nonlinear bounds test, asymmetric ARDL, asymmetric cointegration model
Berkaitan	6	5
Ringkasan	Fourier quantile-on-quantile regression extends the quantile-on-quantile (QQ) framework of Sim and Zhou (2015) by embedding Fourier trigonometric terms into the local linear quantile model. This allows the estimated dependence between the quantiles of one variable and the quantiles of another to vary smoothly over time, capturing gradual structural change without imposing a known break date.	The Nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) model extends the linear ARDL bounds-testing framework to allow asymmetric long-run and short-run relationships. By decomposing the regressor into cumulative positive and negative partial sums, it tests whether increases and decreases in a variable exert different effects on the outcome — a feature especially relevant in financial and energy economics where positive and negative shocks rarely cancel out symmetrically.