Bandingkan kaedah

	Analisis Topologi Jaring Makanan	Pemodelan Niche
Bidang	Ekologi	Ekologi
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	2000	1999
Pengasas	Richard Williams and Neo Martinez	Steven Phillips and David Stockwell
Jenis	ecological network characterization	species distribution prediction
Sumber perintis	Dunne, J. A., Williams, R. J., & Martinez, N. D. (2002). Network structure and robustness of marine food webs. The American Naturalist, 160(1), 117-129.	Phillips, S. J., Anderson, R. P., & Schapire, R. E. (2006). Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions. Ecological Modelling, 190(3-4), 231-259.
Alias	food web structure, network topology, trophic network, food chain analysis	species distribution modeling, habitat suitability modeling, ecological niche model, MaxEnt
Berkaitan	4	4
Ringkasan	Food web topology analysis characterizes the structure of predator-prey interactions within ecological communities using network metrics. Pioneered by Williams and Martinez (2000) and extended by Dunne and colleagues (2002), this approach maps which species eat which and quantifies network properties (connectivity, clustering, robustness). Understanding food web structure reveals how ecosystems are organized, how stable they are to species loss, and what roles different species play in ecosystem function.	Niche modeling, also called species distribution modeling (SDM), predicts the geographic range and habitat suitability of species using presence-only or presence-background occurrence data and environmental variables. MaxEnt (Maximum Entropy, Phillips et al. 2006) and GARP (Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set Prediction, Stockwell & Peters 1999) are two prominent algorithms. These methods identify the environmental conditions under which species are likely to occur, enabling prediction of distribution beyond sampled areas and assessment of habitat suitability across landscapes.