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| Skala Flourishing× | Profiler PERMA× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Psikologi Positif | Psikologi Positif |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 2010 | 2016 |
| Pengasas≠ | Ed Diener | James Butler and Margaret Kern |
| Jenis | Self-report questionnaire | Self-report questionnaire |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D. W., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97(2), 143–156. DOI ↗ | Butler, J., & Kern, M. L. (2016). The PERMA-Profiler: A brief multidimensional measure of flourishing. International Journal of Wellbeing, 6(3), 1–48. DOI ↗ |
| Alias≠ | FS | PERMA Profiler, PERMA Model |
| Berkaitan | 4 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Flourishing Scale (FS) is an 8-item measure of human flourishing developed by Diener and colleagues in 2010. It assesses psychological well-being across core dimensions including purpose, social connection, competence, and engagement. The scale operationalizes Aristotle's concept of eudaimonia—the realization of human potential—and provides researchers with a brief, validated tool for quantifying overall psychological flourishing independent of life satisfaction or mood. | The PERMA-Profiler is a 23-item multidimensional measure of flourishing developed by Butler and Kern in 2016 based on Seligman's PERMA model of positive psychology. It assesses five core domains of human flourishing—Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment—plus Negative Emotion and Loneliness as contextual factors. This instrument bridges the theoretical PERMA framework with practical measurement, enabling comprehensive assessment of psychological well-being across multiple life dimensions. |
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