Bandingkan kaedah

	Metodologi Penyelidikan Feminis	Penyelidikan Tindakan	Grounded Theory
Bidang	Kualitatif	Penyelidikan Kualitatif	Penyelidikan Kualitatif
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1970s–1980s (formalized as a methodology)	1946	1967
Pengasas	Sandra Harding, Dorothy Smith, Patricia Hill Collins, and the broader feminist social science movement	Kurt Lewin; expanded by Kemmis, McTaggart, Reason & Bradbury	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss
Jenis	Qualitative research method	Method	Method
Sumber perintis	Harding, S. (Ed.). (1987). Feminism and Methodology: Social Science Issues. Indiana University Press.	Lewin, K. (1946). Action research and minority problems. Journal of Social Issues, 2(4), 34–46.	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.
Alias	feminist inquiry, feminist qualitative research, feminist standpoint research, gender-critical research	Participatory Action Research, PAR, Collaborative Inquiry	GT, Grounded Theory Approach
Berkaitan	6	1	3
Ringkasan	Feminist research methodology is a qualitative approach grounded in feminist theory that centres gender, power, and social justice as core analytical lenses. It challenges claims of value-free objectivity, foregrounds the voices and experiences of marginalized groups — particularly women — and explicitly positions the researcher as a political and social actor. Developed across disciplines including sociology, education, and health sciences, it draws on standpoint theory, intersectionality, and participatory ethics to produce knowledge that can inform emancipatory practice.	Action research is a collaborative research methodology in which researchers work with practitioners and community members to investigate a problem, implement change, and evaluate outcomes, cycling through reflection, action, and learning. Developed by Kurt Lewin (1946), action research bridges research and practice, aiming simultaneously to produce knowledge and practical improvement.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.