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| Kaedah Buku Harian Bersemuka× | Temu bual Berstruktur× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Metodologi Tinjauan | Metodologi Tinjauan |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1980s–1990s (formalized face-to-face protocol era) | 1940s–1950s |
| Pengasas≠ | Rooted in sociological and psychological diary research traditions; face-to-face protocols formalized in the late 20th century | Survey research tradition; formalized by Campbell, Katona, and Kahn in mid-20th century |
| Jenis≠ | Qualitative / mixed-methods data collection technique | Quantitative / mixed data collection technique |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Alaszewski, A. (2006). Using Diaries for Social Research. Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761941484 | Fontana, A., & Frey, J. H. (2000). The interview: From structured questions to negotiated text. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of Qualitative Research (2nd ed., pp. 645–672). Sage. link ↗ |
| Alias | in-person diary study, face-to-face diary study, personal diary method, paper diary method | standardized interview, formal interview, schedule-based interview, fixed-format interview |
| Berkaitan≠ | 5 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The face-to-face diary method is a data collection technique in which participants are recruited, briefed, and supported through in-person researcher contact while keeping structured or open-ended diaries over a defined period. By combining the temporal depth of diary records with the rapport and clarity of direct researcher interaction, it reduces ambiguity in diary instructions, improves compliance, and allows the researcher to probe or clarify entries at handover or follow-up meetings. | A structured interview is a data collection technique in which every participant is asked exactly the same pre-specified questions in the same order, using standardized wording. Because the interview schedule is fixed, responses across participants are directly comparable, enabling quantitative aggregation and statistical analysis. It sits at the most standardized end of the interview continuum, between the self-administered questionnaire and the semi-structured interview. |
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