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| Inventori Ketagihan Senaman (EAI)× | Soal Selidik Ketabahan Mental (MTQ48)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Psikologi Sukan | Psikologi Sukan |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 2004 | 2002 |
| Pengasas≠ | Adrian Terry, Attila Szabo, Mark Griffiths | Peter Clough, Keith Earle, David Sewell |
| Jenis≠ | Self-report exercise addiction/dependence screening questionnaire | Self-report mental toughness and resilience questionnaire |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Terry, A., Szabo, A., & Griffiths, M. D. (2004). The exercise addiction inventory: A new brief screening tool. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 38(4), 558–561. DOI ↗ | Clough, P. J., Earle, K., & Sewell, D. (2002). Mental toughness: A definition and measured construct. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14(3), 169–187. link ↗ |
| Alias≠ | EAI, Exercise Dependence | MTQ48, Mental Toughness, 4Cs |
| Berkaitan | 4 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The EAI is a 6-item questionnaire measuring the risk of exercise addiction or exercise dependence—the compulsive continuation of exercise despite negative consequences and in response to withdrawal anxiety. Developed by Terry, Szabo, and Griffiths in 2004, the EAI is a brief, practical screening tool for identifying athletes and exercisers at risk for pathological exercise patterns that compromise physical health and psychological wellbeing. | The MTQ48 is a 48-item instrument measuring mental toughness—the capacity to perform well under pressure, persist through adversity, maintain emotional control, and sustain commitment toward goals. Developed by Clough, Earle, and Sewell in 2002, the MTQ48 operationalizes mental toughness across four dimensions (the '4Cs': Control, Commitment, Challenge, and Confidence) and has become widely adopted in sport psychology, talent development, and organizational psychology for identifying and developing psychological resilience. |
| ScholarGateSet data ↗ |
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