Bandingkan kaedah

	Emerging Sources Citation Index	Direktori Jurnal Akses Terbuka	Journal Citation Reports	Pangkalan Data Scopus
Bidang	Bibliometrik	Bibliometrik	Bibliometrik	Bibliometrik
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	2015	2003	1975	2004
Pengasas	Clarivate Analytics	DOAJ Community (Swedish library consortium, later expanded to international consortium)	Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), now Clarivate Analytics	Elsevier
Jenis	Database	Database	Tool	Database
Sumber perintis	Clarivate Analytics. (2024). Emerging Sources Citation Index. Retrieved from https://clarivate.com/webofsciencegroup/solutions/web-of-science-core-collection/	Directory of Open Access Journals. (2024). About DOAJ. Retrieved from https://doaj.org/	Clarivate Analytics. (2024). Journal Citation Reports. Retrieved from https://clarivate.com/webofsciencegroup/solutions/journal-citation-reports/	Elsevier. (2024). Scopus: The largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Retrieved from https://www.elsevier.com/products/scopus
Alias	ESCI, Web of Science Emerging Sources Citation Index	DOAJ, Directory of Open Access	JCR, Clarivate Journal Citation Reports	Scopus, Elsevier Scopus
Berkaitan	5	5	5	5
Ringkasan	The Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI) is a supplement to Web of Science Core Collection launched by Clarivate Analytics in 2015 to expand journal coverage beyond the traditional Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), and Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI). ESCI includes high-quality, peer-reviewed journals that are newer, from underrepresented geographic regions, or from emerging disciplines not yet established in traditional indexes. Unlike SCI-E/SSCI journals, ESCI journals do not initially receive Impact Factor calculations. However, ESCI serves as a pathway: journals demonstrating sustained citation impact and adherence to quality standards may be promoted to SCI-E/SSCI and gain Impact Factor recognition. ESCI addresses systematic geographic and disciplinary biases in traditional indexing by including quality journals from developing economies, Eastern Europe, Latin America, and Asia.	The Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) is a community-maintained, freely accessible directory of high-quality, peer-reviewed open-access journals and articles established in 2003. DOAJ indexes over 20,000 open-access journals across all disciplines (sciences, social sciences, humanities, arts) from diverse geographic regions. The directory serves researchers, librarians, and administrators as the authoritative curated list of legitimate open-access journals—differentiating quality open-access publications from predatory journals that lack genuine peer review. DOAJ quality seal, awarded to journals meeting stricter governance and transparency criteria, enables identification of the highest-caliber open-access publications.	Journal Citation Reports (JCR) is an annual publication by Clarivate Analytics providing comprehensive citation metrics and performance analytics for journals indexed in Web of Science Core Collection. Launched in 1975, JCR publishes Impact Factor, the most widely recognized journal quality metric, alongside supplementary metrics (5-year IF, Journal Citation Indicator, Immediacy Index, Cited Half-Life, and citation distribution analysis). JCR is the authoritative source for journal ranking, benchmarking, and impact assessment in research evaluation systems globally. Access requires institutional subscription, though some institutions provide free access to affiliated researchers.	Scopus, owned by Elsevier, is the world's largest abstract and citation database covering peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings, and book chapters across all scientific disciplines. Launched in 2004, Scopus now indexes over 37 million documents from more than 6,500 journals, with expanded coverage of open-access publications and emerging regional journals. Scopus provides researchers and institutions with comprehensive citation tracking, field-normalized impact metrics (CiteScore, SJR, SNIP), and analytical tools for literature discovery, research evaluation, and institutional benchmarking.