Bandingkan kaedah

	Elektrospining	GPC/SEC	Bengkak dan Kemerosotan
Bidang	Biomaterial	Biomaterial	Biomaterial
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1934	1962	1960
Pengasas	Anton Formhals	Moore and Debye	Wichterle and Lim
Jenis	Fiber fabrication process	Chromatographic analysis	Kinetic assay
Sumber perintis	Formhals, A. (1934). Process and apparatus for preparing artificial threads. U.S. Patent 1,975,504.	Striegel, A. M., Yau, W. W., Kirkland, J. J., & Bly, D. D. (2009). Modern size-exclusion liquid chromatography: practice and theory. John Wiley & Sons.	Wichterle, O., & Lim, D. (1960). Hydrophilic gels for biological use. Nature, 185(4706), 117-118.
Alias	electrospun fiber production, electrostatic fiber spinning	size exclusion chromatography, molecular weight determination, polymer characterization	hydrogel swelling, polymer degradation, mass loss assay
Berkaitan	3	3	4
Ringkasan	Electrospinning is an electrostatic fiber fabrication process that uses a high electric field to draw polymer solutions or melts into nanoscale fibers. Developed by Anton Formhals in the 1930s and refined by researchers including Darrell Reneker in the 1990s, the technique has become foundational to biomaterials engineering, enabling the creation of porous scaffolds for tissue engineering and drug delivery systems.	Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), also known as size exclusion chromatography (SEC), is an analytical technique for determining the molecular weight distribution (MWD) and average molecular weight (Mw, Mn) of polymers. The method separates polymer molecules by their hydrodynamic size as they pass through a porous chromatography column: larger molecules elute first (excluded from pores), while smaller molecules are retained longer. Developed by Moore and colleagues in the 1960s, GPC/SEC is now the standard method for characterizing polymer chains, assessing polymer degradation over time, and verifying batch consistency in biomaterial production.	The swelling and degradation assay measures how biomaterial scaffolds absorb water (swelling) and lose mass over time due to degradation. Developed by Wichterle and Lim in 1960 for hydrogels, the assay is fundamental for characterizing hydrogels, synthetic polymers, and composite scaffolds intended for tissue engineering. The assay provides quantitative data on swelling kinetics (equilibrium water content, swelling ratio), degradation kinetics (mass loss rate, half-life), and mechanisms of degradation (chain scission, enzymatic breakdown).