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| Teknik Delphi× | Penyelidikan Kaedah Campuran× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang≠ | Metodologi Tinjauan | Kualitatif |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1950s–1963 | — |
| Pengasas≠ | Norman Dalkey and Olaf Helmer (RAND Corporation) | — |
| Jenis≠ | Iterative expert consensus technique | Research design framework |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1963). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458–467. DOI ↗ | Creswell, J.W. & Plano Clark, V.L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379 |
| Alias≠ | Delphi method, Delphi survey, expert consensus method, iterative expert panel | Karma Yöntem Araştırması (Mixed Methods), multi-method research, triangulation design |
| Berkaitan≠ | 6 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Delphi technique is a structured, multi-round data collection method that harvests and refines expert opinion through iterative questionnaires and controlled feedback. Developed at RAND Corporation in the 1950s, it is designed to converge a dispersed expert panel toward a reliable consensus on complex, uncertain, or future-oriented questions — without the conformity pressures of face-to-face group discussion. | Mixed methods research is a systematic research design in which quantitative and qualitative data are collected and analysed within a single study. Formalised by Creswell and Plano Clark (2003, 3rd ed. 2018), it offers three principal design variants — concurrent, sequential, and transformative — and strengthens findings through triangulation across both data strands. |
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