Bandingkan kaedah

	COSY	Spektrometri Jisim Resonans Siklotron Ion Transformasi Fourier (FT-ICR)	NOESY
Bidang	Spektroskopi	Spektroskopi	Spektroskopi
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1976	1974	1981
Pengasas	Wüthrich Kurt	Alan Marshall	Richard Ernst
Jenis	Two-dimensional pulse sequence	Mass spectrometry technique	Two-dimensional pulse sequence
Sumber perintis	Aue, W. P., Bartholdi, E., & Ernst, R. R. (1976). Two-dimensional spectroscopy. Application to nuclear magnetic resonance. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 64(5), 2229-2246.	Comisarow, M. B., & Marshall, A. G. (1974). Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance spectroscopy. Chemical Physics Letters, 25(2), 282-283.	Aue, W. P., Bartholdi, E., & Ernst, R. R. (1976). Two-dimensional spectroscopy. Application to nuclear magnetic resonance. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 64(5), 2229-2246.
Alias	COSY NMR, 2D COSY, 1H-1H COSY	FT-ICR-MS, Fourier Transform ICR, ICR mass spectrometry	NOE spectroscopy, 2D NOESY, NOE NMR
Berkaitan	4	4	3
Ringkasan	Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY) is a two-dimensional NMR technique that correlates proton chemical shifts through scalar coupling (J-coupling), revealing which protons are magnetically coupled and hence bonded through multiple bonds. Developed by Aue, Bartholdi, and Ernst in 1976, COSY became one of the most important tools in structural elucidation, enabling chemists to map out proton connectivity patterns and deduce molecular topology without isotopic labeling.	Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry is an advanced analytical technique that combines magnetic confinement of ions with Fourier transform data processing to achieve exceptional mass accuracy and resolution. Developed by Comisarow and Marshall in 1974, FT-ICR-MS enables the determination of exact masses and elemental compositions of complex molecules, making it invaluable for environmental chemistry, metabolomics, petroleum characterization, and structural elucidation of unknowns.	Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement Spectroscopy (NOESY) is a 2D NMR technique that detects through-space dipolar coupling between protons, rather than through-bond scalar coupling. Introduced by Macura and Ernst in 1981, NOESY reveals which protons are spatially close in the three-dimensional structure, independent of bonding connectivity. This makes NOESY invaluable for determining molecular conformation, assigning stereochemistry, and elucidating protein folds.