Bandingkan kaedah

	Garis Panduan COPE untuk Etika Penerbitan	Kriteria Penulis ICMJE
Bidang	Etika Penerbitan	Etika Penerbitan
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1997	1978
Pengasas	Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)	International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)
Jenis	Standard	Standard
Sumber perintis	Committee on Publication Ethics (2023). COPE Guidelines. COPE Website.	International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (2023). Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals. ICMJE.
Alias	COPE, Publication Ethics Flowcharts, Editorial Guidelines	ICMJE Authorship, Authorship Guidelines
Berkaitan	4	4
Ringkasan	The Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), founded in 1997, is an international organization of journal editors and publishers that promotes and advances research integrity and publication ethics. COPE provides practical guidance through flowcharts, position statements, and ethical guidelines addressing misconduct (fabrication, falsification, plagiarism), authorship disputes, conflicts of interest, and corrections. COPE's resources are freely available and adopted by thousands of journals globally. COPE is not a regulator; it advises editors and researchers on handling ethical issues and promotes a culture of integrity in publishing.	The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) established the most widely adopted authorship standard in biomedical research in 1978. These criteria define who qualifies as an author and distinguish authors from contributors, establishing accountability and preventing disputes over publication credit. Used by over 10,000 journals globally, ICMJE authorship criteria form the foundation of authorship practices in medical, life science, and health-related research.