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| Etnografi Perbandingan× | Penyelidikan Kajian Kes× | Grounded Theory× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bidang≠ | Kualitatif | Kualitatif | Penyelidikan Kualitatif |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1987–1995 (systematic comparative ethnography formalized) | 1984 (seminal codification) | 1967 |
| Pengasas≠ | George E. Marcus (multi-sited formulation); Charles C. Ragin (comparative logic) | Robert K. Yin (systematised in Case Study Research, 1984) | Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss |
| Jenis≠ | Qualitative comparative research design | Qualitative research design | Method |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Marcus, G. E. (1995). Ethnography in/of the world system: The emergence of multi-sited ethnography. Annual Review of Anthropology, 24, 95–117. DOI ↗ | Yin, R.K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169 | Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine. link ↗ |
| Alias≠ | multi-sited ethnography, cross-site ethnography, comparative field research, comparative participant observation | Vaka Çalışması (Case Study), case study design, case study methodology | GT, Grounded Theory Approach |
| Berkaitan≠ | 6 | 5 | 3 |
| Ringkasan≠ | Comparative ethnography is a qualitative research design that conducts in-depth ethnographic fieldwork across two or more sites, groups, communities, or cultural settings in order to generate systematic comparisons. Rather than describing a single community in isolation, it traces similarities, differences, and interconnections across cases, producing theoretically grounded insights that no single site could yield alone. | Case study research is a qualitative research design that investigates a specific phenomenon, individual, group, organisation, or event in depth within its real-world context. Systematised by Robert K. Yin in 1984, it supports single-case and multiple-case designs and draws on multiple data sources — interviews, observation, documents, and artefacts — to build a rich, contextualised account of a bounded unit. | Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence. |
| ScholarGateSet data ↗ |
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