Bandingkan kaedah

	Temu Bual Telefon untuk Status Kognitif	Penilaian Ruang Kehidupan (Life-Space Assessment - LSA)
Bidang	Gerontologi	Gerontologi
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1988	2003
Pengasas	J.C. Breitner	Pamela S. Baker
Jenis	Telephone-administered cognitive interview	Interview-based assessment of activity range
Sumber perintis	Breitner, J. C., Folstein, M. F., & Murphy, E. A. (1989). Familial aggregation in Alzheimer dementia: comparison of risk estimates. Genet Epidemiol, 6(1), 35-45.	Baker, P. S., Bodner, E. V., & Allman, R. M. (2003). Measuring life-space mobility in community-dwelling older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc, 51(11), 1610-1614.
Alias	TICS, TICS-m, Modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status	LSA, Life Space Assessment
Berkaitan	5	5
Ringkasan	The Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) is a telephone-administered cognitive screening instrument developed by Breitner and colleagues in the late 1980s and modified (TICS-m) to assess cognitive function in older adults via remote interview. Designed for epidemiological studies and clinical research where in-person assessment is impractical or resource-intensive, the TICS combines questions assessing orientation, attention, language, memory, and reasoning in a format suitable for administration by trained interviewers without specialized clinical equipment. It has become widely used in longitudinal cohort studies, clinical trials, and telemedicine settings for cognitive screening and monitoring.	The Life-Space Assessment (LSA) is an interview-based measure developed by Baker and colleagues in 2003 to evaluate the geographic range and frequency of mobility in community-dwelling older adults. Unlike traditional measures that focus on lower extremity function in controlled settings, the LSA captures the actual areas persons frequent in daily life—from the bedroom to the neighborhood to the larger community—and the frequency and independence with which they access these spaces. It provides a comprehensive portrait of functional mobility in real-world contexts and is a strong predictor of disability, institutionalization, and mortality.