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| Reka Bentuk Ujian Klinikal Adaptif× | Ujian Terkawal Rawak (RCT)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Reka Bentuk Eksperimen | Reka Bentuk Eksperimen |
| Keluarga | Hypothesis test | Hypothesis test |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1994 | 1948 |
| Pengasas≠ | Bauer & Köhne | James Lind (early precursor, 1747); modern formulation: Austin Bradford Hill & Medical Research Council (1948) |
| Jenis≠ | Adaptive hypothesis test with interim analyses | Interventional comparative study |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Bauer, P. & Köhne, K. (1994). Evaluation of Experiments with Adaptive Interim Analyses. Biometrics, 50(4), 1029–1041. DOI ↗ | Schulz, K.F., Altman, D.G., Moher, D., for the CONSORT Group (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomised Trials. BMJ, 340, c332. DOI ↗ |
| Alias≠ | adaptive design, group sequential design, sample size re-estimation, platform trial | RCT, randomised controlled trial, clinical trial, Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma (RCT) Tasarımı |
| Berkaitan≠ | 3 | 7 |
| Ringkasan≠ | Adaptive clinical trial design is a flexible experimental framework, formalised by Bauer and Köhne in 1994, in which pre-specified rules allow the trial to be modified mid-course — adjusting sample size, treatment arms, or randomisation ratios — based on accumulating interim data while rigorously controlling the Type I error rate. | A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard experimental design in clinical and health research, in which participants are randomly allocated to a treatment group or a control group so that the effect of an intervention can be measured with the highest possible degree of internal validity. The modern parallel-group RCT was formalized by Austin Bradford Hill and the Medical Research Council in their landmark streptomycin trial of 1948, and its reporting is governed today by the CONSORT 2010 guidelines (Schulz et al., 2010). |
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