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| Skala Kecemasan Swa-Penilaian Zung (ZRAS)× | Skala Depresi Kecemasan Stres-21 (DASS-21)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Psikologi Klinis | Psikologi Klinis |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1971 | 1995 |
| Pencetus≠ | William W. K. Zung | Stephen H. Lovibond and Peter F. Lovibond |
| Tipe≠ | Anxiety symptom screening | Three-dimensional mental health screening |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Zung, W. W. (1971). A rating instrument for anxiety disorders. Psychosomatics, 12(6), 371-379. DOI ↗ | Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Psychology Foundation of Australia. link ↗ |
| Alias | ZRAS, Zung Anxiety, SAS | DASS-21, DASS, DASS-42 |
| Terkait | 5 | 5 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZRAS), also known as the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), is a 20-item self-report measure of anxiety symptoms. Developed by William W. K. Zung in 1971, the ZRAS assesses psychological and somatic manifestations of anxiety in the past week. It is widely used for anxiety screening in primary care, general medical settings, and mental health research. | The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) is a 21-item self-report instrument measuring three correlated but distinct dimensions of psychological distress: depression, anxiety, and stress. Developed by Lovibond and Lovibond in 1995, the DASS-21 is a short form of the original 42-item DASS. It has become widely used in research and clinical settings for its brevity, multidimensional structure, and strong psychometric properties. |
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